COMPUTER NETWORKS & SECURITY PRACTICAL | SOLUTION |
T. Y. B. B.A(CA) Semester-V
High Tech 7
T. Y. B. B.A(CA) Semester-V
High Tech 7

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Assignment 1
Assignment 1: PC ↔ PC (Direct Crossover Cable)
Step 1: Add Devices
2 PCs → Drag PC0 and PC1
Step 2: Connect PCs
Use crossover cable → Connect PC0 FastEthernet0 → PC1 FastEthernet0
Step 3: Assign IP Addresses
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.1.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.1.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
PC0 → Desktop → Command Prompt → `ping 192.168.1.2` → reply → success
--
Assignment 2: PC ↔ PC (Straight-Through Cable via Switch)
Step 1: Add Devices
2 PCs, 1 Switch
Step 2: Connect Devices
PC0 → Switch FA0/1
PC1 → Switch FA0/2
Use straight-through cables
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.2.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.2.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping between PCs → success
---
Assignment 3: 3 PCs in a LAN (via Switch)
Step 1: Add Devices
3 PCs, 1 Switch
Step 2: Connect Devices
Each PC → Switch → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.3.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.3.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.3.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping each PC from others → success
---
Assignment 4: 4 PCs in a LAN
Step 1: Add Devices
4 PCs, 1 Switch
Step 2: Connect Devices
Each PC → Switch → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.4.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.4.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.4.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC3 | 192.168.4.4 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping between all PCs → success
---
Assignment 5: Server ↔ PC (Direct Cable)
Step 1: Add Devices
1 PC, 1 Server
Step 2: Connect Devices
Use crossover cable → PC FastEthernet0 → Server FastEthernet0
Step 3: Assign IPs
| Device | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| ------ | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.5.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| Server | 192.168.5.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
PC → ping server → success
---
Assignment 6: Server ↔ 2 PCs (via Switch)
Step 1: Add Devices
2 PCs, 1 Server, 1 Switch
Step 2: Connect Devices
Server → Switch → FA0/1
PC0 → Switch → FA0/2
PC1 → Switch → FA0/3
Use straight-through cables
Step 3: Assign IPs
| Device | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| ------ | ----------- | ------------- |
| Server | 192.168.6.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC0 | 192.168.6.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.6.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping server from PCs → success
Ping between PCs → success
---
Assignment 7: Laptop (Wireless) ↔ Wireless Router
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 1 Laptop
Step 2: Configure Router
SSID: `MyWiFi`
No security for now
Step 3: Connect Laptop
Laptop → Desktop → Wireless → Connect to `MyWiFi`
Step 4: Assign IPs
| Device | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Default Gateway |
| ------ | ----------- | ------------- | --------------- |
| Laptop | 192.168.7.2 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.7.1 |
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Laptop → ping router → success
---
Assignment 8: 2 Switches + 4 PCs
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Switches, 4 PCs
Step 2: Connect Devices
PC0 & PC1 → Switch1
PC2 & PC3 → Switch2
Switch1 ↔ Switch2 → FA0/24
Use straight-through cables
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.8.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.8.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.8.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC3 | 192.168.8.4 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping between PCs across switches → success
---
Assignment 9: Hub Connection
Step 1: Add Devices
3 PCs, 1 Hub
Step 2: Connect Devices
Each PC → Hub → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.9.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.9.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.9.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping between all PCs → success
---
ASS 2
Assignment 1: Single Switch LAN with 3 PCs
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 3 PCs
Step 2: Connect Devices
Each PC → Switch → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IP Addresses
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Default Gateway |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- | --------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.1.2 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.1 |
| PC1 | 192.168.1.3 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.1 |
| PC2 | 192.168.1.4 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.1 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping between PCs → success
---
Assignment 2: LAN with 5 PCs + 1 Switch
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 5 PCs
Step 2: Connect Devices
Each PC → Switch → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.2.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.2.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.2.4 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC3 | 192.168.2.5 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC4 | 192.168.2.6 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping each PC from others → success
---
Assignment 3: LAN with Server + 4 PCs
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 4 PCs, 1 Server
Step 2: Connect Devices
Server + PCs → Switch → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IPs
| Device | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Default Gateway |
| ------ | ----------- | ------------- | --------------- |
| Server | 192.168.3.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.3.1 |
| PC0 | 192.168.3.2 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.3.1 |
| PC1 | 192.168.3.3 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.3.1 |
| PC2 | 192.168.3.4 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.3.1 |
| PC3 | 192.168.3.5 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.3.1 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping server from each PC → success
---
Assignment 4: LAN with 2 Switches + 6 PCs
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Switches, 6 PCs
Step 2: Connect Devices
PC0, PC1, PC2 → Switch1
PC3, PC4, PC5 → Switch2
Switch1 ↔ Switch2 → FA0/24 (trunk or straight-through)
Step 3: Assign IPs
| PC | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --- | ----------- | ------------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.4.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.4.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.4.4 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC3 | 192.168.4.5 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC4 | 192.168.4.6 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC5 | 192.168.4.7 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping all PCs → success
---
Assignment 5: LAN with Router-on-a-Stick (Single VLAN)
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 4 PCs
Step 2: Create VLAN on Switch
```bash
vlan 10
name LAN
```
Step 3: Assign VLAN to Ports
FA0/1 – FA0/4 → VLAN10
Step 4: Configure Router Subinterface
```bash
interface g0/0.10
encapsulation dot1Q 10
ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 5: Assign IPs to PCs
| PC | IP Address | Gateway |
| --- | ----------- | ----------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.5.2 | 192.168.5.1 |
| PC1 | 192.168.5.3 | 192.168.5.1 |
| PC2 | 192.168.5.4 | 192.168.5.1 |
| PC3 | 192.168.5.5 | 192.168.5.1 |
Step 6: Test Connectivity
Ping router → success
Ping PCs → success
---
Assignment 6: LAN with DHCP Server
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 4 PCs, 1 Server
Step 2: Configure Server for DHCP
IP Pool: 192.168.6.10 – 192.168.6.50
Subnet: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.6.1
Step 3: Connect Devices
PCs + Server → Switch
Step 4: Configure PCs
Set to DHCP → obtain IP automatically
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Ping server → success
Ping between PCs → success
---
Assignment 7: Wireless LAN Setup
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 2 Wireless PCs
Step 2: Configure Router Wireless
SSID: `MyWiFi`
Channel: default
Security: None
Step 3: Connect PCs
Desktop → Wireless → Connect → select SSID
Step 4: Assign IPs
| Device | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Gateway |
| ------ | ----------- | ------------- | ----------- |
| PC0 | 192.168.7.2 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.7.1 |
| PC1 | 192.168.7.3 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.7.1 |
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Ping between PCs → success
---
Assignment 8: LAN with File Server
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 3 PCs, 1 Server
Step 2: Connect Devices
All → Switch → straight-through cable
Step 3: Assign IPs
| Device | IP Address | Subnet Mask | Gateway |
| ------ | ----------- | ------------- | ----------- |
| Server | 192.168.8.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.8.1 |
| PC0 | 192.168.8.2 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.8.1 |
| PC1 | 192.168.8.3 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.8.1 |
| PC2 | 192.168.8.4 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.8.1 |
Step 4: Configure Server Services
File Server → Enable FTP or HTTP → create shared folder
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PCs → access server via FTP/HTTP → success
---
Assignment 9: LAN with 2 VLANs
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 4 PCs, 1 Router
Step 2: Create VLANs
```bash
vlan 10
name Sales
vlan 20
name HR
```
Step 3: Assign VLANs to Ports
PC0 & PC1 → VLAN10
PC2 & PC3 → VLAN20
Step 4: Configure Router-on-a-Stick
```bash
interface g0/0.10
encapsulation dot1Q 10
ip address 192.168.9.1 255.255.255.0
interface g0/0.20
encapsulation dot1Q 20
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 5: Assign IPs to PCs
| PC | VLAN | IP Address | Gateway |
| --- | ---- | ------------ | ------------ |
| PC0 | 10 | 192.168.9.2 | 192.168.9.1 |
| PC1 | 10 | 192.168.9.3 | 192.168.9.1 |
| PC2 | 20 | 192.168.10.2 | 192.168.10.1 |
| PC3 | 20 | 192.168.10.3 | 192.168.10.1 |
Step 6: Test Connectivity
PCs in same VLAN → ping → success
PCs across VLANs → ping → success (via router)
---
ASS 3
---
Assignment 1: Basic Router Interface Configuration
Step 1: Add Devices
Drag 1 Router, 1 Switch, and 1 PC into Packet Tracer.
Connect PC → Switch → Router using Copper Straight-Through Cable.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
PC → 192.168.10.2 / 255.255.255.0
Router Gig0/0 → 192.168.10.1 / 255.255.255.0
Step 3: Configure Router Interface
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
Router(config) interface gig0/0
Router(config-if) ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if) no shutdown
```
Step 4: Set Default Gateway on PC
PC → Default Gateway = 192.168.10.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
On PC → Command Prompt → `ping 192.168.10.1` → should reply.
---
Assignment 2: Default Gateway Setup
Step 1: Add Devices
Drag 1 Router, 1 Switch, 1 PC.
Connect PC → Switch → Router using Copper Straight-Through Cable.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
Router Gig0/0 → 192.168.20.1 / 255.255.255.0
PC → 192.168.20.2 / 255.255.255.0
Step 3: Configure Router Interface
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
Router(config) interface gig0/0
Router(config-if) ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if) no shutdown
```
Step 4: Set Default Gateway on PC
PC → Default Gateway = 192.168.20.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
On PC → `ping 192.168.20.1` → should reply.
---
Assignment 3: Save Router Configuration
Step 1: Add Devices
Drag 1 Router, 1 Switch, 1 PC.
Connect PC → Switch → Router using Copper Straight-Through Cable.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
PC → 192.168.30.2 / 255.255.255.0
Router Gig0/0 → 192.168.30.1 / 255.255.255.0
Step 3: Configure Router Interface
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
Router(config) interface gig0/0
Router(config-if) ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if) no shutdown
```
Step 4: Save Configuration
```bash
Router> enable
Router copy running-config startup-config
```
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Ping router from PC → `ping 192.168.30.1` → success.
Reload router → configuration persists.
---
Assignment 4: Hostname & Passwords
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 1 PC → connect with Straight-Through Cable.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
PC → 192.168.40.2 / 255.255.255.0
Router Gig0/0 → 192.168.40.1 / 255.255.255.0
Step 3: Configure Router Hostname
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
Router(config) hostname R1
```
Step 4: Configure Console Password
```bash
R1(config) line console 0
R1(config-line) password cisco
R1(config-line) login
R1(config-line) exit
```
Step 5: Configure Enable Password
```bash
R1(config) enable secret class123
```
Step 6: Test
Reconnect → console asks for password
`enable` → asks for enable secret → Enter `class123`.
---
Assignment 5: Static Routing Between 2 Routers
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 Switches, 2 PCs.
Connect PC1 → Switch1 → Router1, PC2 → Switch2 → Router2, Router1 → Router2 via Serial Cable.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Device | Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| ------ | --------- | ------------ | --------------- |
| PC1 | - | 192.168.50.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.50.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.10.10.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.10.10.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.60.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | - | 192.168.60.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 3: Configure Router Interfaces and Routes
R1:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
ip route 192.168.60.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.2
```
R2:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.10.10.2 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
ip route 192.168.50.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.10.1
```
Step 4: Set Default Gateways on PCs
PC1 → 192.168.50.1
PC2 → 192.168.60.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PC1 → ping PC2 → should reply.
---
Assignment 6: Static Routing Between 3 Routers
Step 1: Add Devices
3 Routers, 3 Switches, 3 PCs.
Connect LANs: PC1→R1, PC2→R2, PC3→R3
Connect Routers in series via Serial cables: R1↔R2↔R3
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Router | Interface | IP Address | Subnet |
| ------ | --------- | ---------------------------------------- | --------------- |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.70.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.20.20.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.80.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.20.20.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | S0/0/1 | 10.30.30.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R3 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.90.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R3 | S0/0/0 | 10.30.30.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| PCs | - | 192.168.70.2, 192.168.80.2, 192.168.90.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 3: Configure Static Routes
R1:
```bash
ip route 192.168.80.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.20.2
ip route 192.168.90.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.20.2
```
R2:
```bash
ip route 192.168.70.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.20.1
ip route 192.168.90.0 255.255.255.0 10.30.30.2
```
R3:
```bash
ip route 192.168.70.0 255.255.255.0 10.30.30.1
ip route 192.168.80.0 255.255.255.0 10.30.30.1
```
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping all PCs across LANs → Success
---
Assignment 7: RIP (Routing Information Protocol)
Step 1: Add Devices
Same as Assignment 6
Step 2: Configure Router Interfaces
Same IPs as Assignment 6
Step 3: Enable RIP on Each Router
R1:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.70.0
network 10.20.20.0
no auto-summary
exit
```
R2:
```bash
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.80.0
network 10.20.20.0
network 10.30.30.0
no auto-summary
exit
```
R3:
```bash
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.90.0
network 10.30.30.0
no auto-summary
exit
```
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping all PCs → RIP automatically shares routes.
---
Assignment 8: Router Interface Shutdown
Step 1: Access Router CLI
```bash
enable
configure terminal
interface FastEthernet0/0
shutdown
```
Step 2: Test Connectivity
Ping connected PC → fails
Step 3: Bring Interface Up Again
```bash
interface FastEthernet0/0
no shutdown
```
---
ASS 4
---
Assignment 1: Single LAN DHCP
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 2 PCs
Connect PCs → Switch → Router using Copper Straight-Through Cable
Step 2: Configure Router Interface
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
Router(config) interface gig0/0
Router(config-if) ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if) no shutdown
```
Step 3: Enable DHCP on Router
```bash
Router(config) ip dhcp pool LAN1
Router(dhcp-config) network 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config) default-router 192.168.100.1
Router(dhcp-config) exit
```
Step 4: Set PCs to DHCP
PC1 & PC2 → IP Configuration → DHCP
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PC → Command Prompt → `ipconfig` → should show IP from DHCP pool
Ping router → success
---
Assignment 2: DHCP with Excluded Addresses
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 3 PCs
Step 2: Configure Router Interface
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.110.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 3: Exclude IPs
```bash
Router(config) ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.110.1 192.168.110.10
```
Step 4: Configure DHCP Pool
```bash
Router(config) ip dhcp pool LAN2
Router(dhcp-config) network 192.168.110.0 255.255.255.0
Router(dhcp-config) default-router 192.168.110.1
Router(dhcp-config) exit
```
Step 5: Set PCs to DHCP
PC1, PC2, PC3 → IP Configuration → DHCP
Step 6: Test
Each PC → `ipconfig` → should get IP from 192.168.110.11+
Ping router → success
---
Assignment 3: Add More Clients
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 5 PCs
Step 2: Configure Router Interface & DHCP Pool
```bash
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.120.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.120.1 192.168.120.5
ip dhcp pool LAN3
network 192.168.120.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.120.1
```
Step 3: Set All PCs to DHCP
PC1 → PC5 → DHCP
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Each PC → `ipconfig` → unique IP from DHCP pool
Ping router and other PCs → success
---
Assignment 4: Multiple DHCP Pools (Two Networks)
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 2 Switches, 2 PCs per LAN
Step 2: Configure Router Interfaces
```bash
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.130.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface gig0/1
ip address 192.168.140.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 3: Configure DHCP Pools
```bash
ip dhcp pool LAN4A
network 192.168.130.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.130.1
exit
ip dhcp pool LAN4B
network 192.168.140.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.140.1
exit
```
Step 4: Set PCs to DHCP
PCs in LAN1 → DHCP → IP from 192.168.130.0
PCs in LAN2 → DHCP → IP from 192.168.140.0
Step 5: Test
`ipconfig` on PCs → check IPs
Ping router interfaces → success
---
Assignment 5: DHCP with DNS Server
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 2 PCs, 1 Server
Step 2: Configure Router Interface
```bash
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.150.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 3: Configure DHCP Pool with DNS
```bash
ip dhcp pool LAN5
network 192.168.150.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.150.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
exit
```
Step 4: Set PCs to DHCP
PC1 & PC2 → DHCP
Step 5: Test
`ipconfig` → IP + DNS assigned
Ping DNS server 8.8.8.8 → success
---
Assignment 6: Router-on-a-Stick with DHCP
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 2 PCs on VLAN 10 & VLAN 20
Step 2: Configure Router Subinterfaces
```bash
interface gig0/0.10
encapsulation dot1Q 10
ip address 192.168.160.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface gig0/0.20
encapsulation dot1Q 20
ip address 192.168.170.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 3: Configure DHCP Pools
```bash
ip dhcp pool VLAN10
network 192.168.160.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.160.1
exit
ip dhcp pool VLAN20
network 192.168.170.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.170.1
exit
```
Step 4: Set PCs to DHCP
PC in VLAN10 → DHCP → 192.168.160.x
PC in VLAN20 → DHCP → 192.168.170.x
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Ping router subinterfaces → success
---
Assignment 7: Server as DHCP Provider
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Server, 1 Switch, 2 PCs
Step 2: Configure Server as DHCP
Server → Services Tab → DHCP → Enable
Pool Name: LAN7
Default Gateway: 192.168.180.1
IP Range: 192.168.180.10 – 192.168.180.50
Step 3: Set PCs to DHCP
PC1 & PC2 → DHCP
Step 4: Test
`ipconfig` → IP assigned by server
Ping default gateway → success
---
Assignment 8: Static vs DHCP Comparison
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 2 PCs
Step 2: Assign IPs
PC1 → Static → 192.168.190.10 / 255.255.255.0 / GW 192.168.190.1
PC2 → DHCP → 192.168.190.0/24 network
Step 3: Configure Router Interface
```bash
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.190.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
ip dhcp pool LAN8
network 192.168.190.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.190.1
exit
```
Step 4: Test
PC1 → `ipconfig` → Static IP → ping router → success
PC2 → `ipconfig` → DHCP IP → ping router → success
---
Assignment 9: DHCP in WAN (2 Routers)
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 PCs, 2 Switches
Step 2: Configure Router Interfaces
R1:
```bash
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface s0/0/0
ip address 10.50.50.1 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
```
R2:
```bash
interface gig0/0
ip address 192.168.210.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface s0/0/0
ip address 10.50.50.2 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
```
Step 3: Configure DHCP on R1 for PC1
```bash
ip dhcp pool LAN9
network 192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.200.1
exit
```
Step 4: Configure DHCP on R2 for PC2
```bash
ip dhcp pool LAN9B
network 192.168.210.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.210.1
exit
```
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PC1 → DHCP IP → ping R1 → success
PC2 → DHCP IP → ping R2 → success
Ping across WAN → success (if static route added between routers)
---
ASS 5
---
Assignment 1: Two LANs, Two Routers
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 Switches, 2 PCs per LAN.
Connect PCs → Switch → Router, Routers → Routers via Serial Cable.
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Device | Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| ------ | --------- | ------------ | --------------- |
| PC1 | - | 192.168.10.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.10.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.0.0.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.0.0.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.20.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | - | 192.168.20.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 3: Configure Router Interfaces & Static Routes
R1:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2
```
R2:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
no shutdown
ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1
```
Step 4: Set Default Gateways on PCs
PC1 → 192.168.10.1
PC2 → 192.168.20.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PC1 → ping PC2 → should reply
---
Assignment 2: Three Routers in a Line
Step 1: Add Devices
3 Routers, 3 LANs (1 PC per LAN), connect routers in series via Serial cables
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Router | Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| ------ | --------- | ------------ | --------------- |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.30.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.1.1.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.40.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.1.1.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | S0/0/1 | 10.2.2.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R3 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.50.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R3 | S0/0/0 | 10.2.2.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
Step 3: Configure Static Routes
R1:
```bash
ip route 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2
ip route 192.168.50.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2
```
R2:
```bash
ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
ip route 192.168.50.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.2
```
R3:
```bash
ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.1
ip route 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.1
```
Step 4: Set PC Gateways & Test
PCs → Default Gateway = Router LAN IP
Ping across LANs → success
---
Assignment 3: Router with Two LANs
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 2 Switches, 2 PCs per LAN
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| --------- | ------------ | ------------- |
| R Fa0/0 | 192.168.60.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R Fa0/1 | 192.168.70.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC1 | 192.168.60.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | 192.168.60.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC3 | 192.168.70.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC4 | 192.168.70.3 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 3: Configure Router Interfaces
```bash
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.70.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 4: Set PC Gateways
LAN1 PCs → 192.168.60.1
LAN2 PCs → 192.168.70.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Ping PCs across LANs → success
---
Assignment 4: Four Routers in a Square
Step 1: Add Devices
4 Routers, each with 1 LAN (1 PC per LAN)
Connect Routers in a square using Serial cables
Step 2: Assign IPs
| Router | Interface | IP |
| ------ | --------- | ------------- |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.80.1 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.10.10.1 |
| R1 | S0/0/1 | 10.10.10.5 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.90.1 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.10.10.2 |
| R2 | S0/0/1 | 10.20.20.1 |
| R3 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.100.1 |
| R3 | S0/0/0 | 10.20.20.2 |
| R3 | S0/0/1 | 10.30.30.1 |
| R4 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.110.1 |
| R4 | S0/0/0 | 10.30.30.2 |
| R4 | S0/0/1 | 10.10.10.6 |
Step 3: Configure Static Routes
Each router → routes to all other LANs via neighbor routers
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping PCs across all LANs → success
---
Assignment 5: Two Routers with Serial Connection
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 PCs, 2 Switches
Connect PCs → Switch → Router, Routers → Routers via Serial
Step 2: Assign IPs
| Device | Interface | IP |
| ------ | --------- | ------------- |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.120.1 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.40.40.1 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.130.1 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.40.40.2 |
| PC1 | - | 192.168.120.2 |
| PC2 | - | 192.168.130.2 |
Step 3: Configure Router Interfaces & Static Routes
R1: `ip route 192.168.130.0 255.255.255.0 10.40.40.2`
R2: `ip route 192.168.120.0 255.255.255.0 10.40.40.1`
Step 4: Set PC Gateways & Test
PC1 → 192.168.120.1
PC2 → 192.168.130.1
Ping across LANs → success
---
Assignment 6: Hub-and-Spoke Topology
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Central Router (Hub), 3 Branch Routers (Spokes), 1 PC per branch
Step 2: Connect Branches
Hub → Spokes via Serial
PCs → Branch LANs → Switch → Branch Router
Step 3: Assign IPs & Configure
Hub router → S0/0/0, S0/0/1, S0/0/2 → 10.50.x.1
Branch routers → S0/0/0 → 10.50.x.2
Static routes to Hub & other LANs
Step 4: Test Connectivity
PCs ping PCs on other branches → success
---
Assignment 7: Default Route Configuration
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 LANs, PCs
Step 2: Assign IPs & Connect
R1:
Fa0/0 → LAN1 → 192.168.140.1
S0/0/0 → WAN → 10.60.60.1
R2:
Fa0/0 → LAN2 → 192.168.150.1
S0/0/0 → WAN → 10.60.60.2
Step 3: Configure Default Routes
R1: `ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.60.60.2`
R2: `ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.60.60.1`
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping across LANs → success
---
Assignment 8: Static Routing with Multiple Paths
Step 1: Add Devices
3 Routers, 3 LANs
Two connections between routers → multiple paths
Step 2: Assign IPs
LAN1: 192.168.160.0/24
LAN2: 192.168.170.0/24
LAN3: 192.168.180.0/24
Serial links → 10.70.70.x / 10.80.80.x
Step 3: Configure Multiple Static Routes
Router1 → two routes to LAN3 via R2 & R3
Router2 → routes to LAN1 & LAN3
Router3 → routes to LAN1 & LAN2
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping all LANs → success → verify load balancing possible
---
ASS 6
Assignment 1: Simple RIP Setup
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 LANs (1 PC per LAN), 2 Switches
Connect PCs → Switch → Router, Routers → Routers via Serial Cable
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Device | Interface | IP Address | Subnet Mask |
| ------ | --------- | ------------ | --------------- |
| R1 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.10.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | 10.0.0.1 | 255.255.255.252 |
| R2 | Fa0/0 | 192.168.20.1 | 255.255.255.0 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.0.0.2 | 255.255.255.252 |
| PC1 | - | 192.168.10.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
| PC2 | - | 192.168.20.2 | 255.255.255.0 |
Step 3: Configure RIP
R1:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.10.0
network 10.0.0.0
no auto-summary
```
R2:
```bash
enable
configure terminal
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.20.0
network 10.0.0.0
no auto-summary
```
Step 4: Test Connectivity
PC1 → ping PC2 → success
Check routing table → `show ip route`
---
Assignment 2: RIP with 3 Routers in a Line
Step 1: Add Devices
3 Routers, 3 LANs (1 PC per LAN), 3 Switches
Connect routers in series via Serial, PCs → Switch → Router
Step 2: Assign IP Addresses
| Router | Interface | IP |
| --------- | ------------ | -- |
| R1 Fa0/0 | 192.168.30.1 | |
| R1 S0/0/0 | 10.1.1.1 | |
| R2 Fa0/0 | 192.168.40.1 | |
| R2 S0/0/0 | 10.1.1.2 | |
| R2 S0/0/1 | 10.2.2.1 | |
| R3 Fa0/0 | 192.168.50.1 | |
| R3 S0/0/0 | 10.2.2.2 | |
Step 3: Configure RIP
R1:
```bash
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.30.0
network 10.1.1.0
no auto-summary
```
R2:
```bash
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.40.0
network 10.1.1.0
network 10.2.2.0
no auto-summary
```
R3:
```bash
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.50.0
network 10.2.2.0
no auto-summary
```
Step 4: Test Connectivity
PCs ping across all LANs → success
Check routing tables → `show ip route`
---
Assignment 3: RIP with Different Subnets
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 LANs, PCs, Switches
Step 2: Assign IPs
R1 Fa0/0 → 192.168.100.1 /24
R1 S0/0/0 → 10.10.10.1 /30
R2 Fa0/0 → 192.168.200.1 /24
R2 S0/0/0 → 10.10.10.2 /30
Step 3: Configure RIP
R1: `network 192.168.100.0` + `network 10.10.10.0`
R2: `network 192.168.200.0` + `network 10.10.10.0`
Step 4: Test
Ping across LANs → success
`show ip route` → verify learned routes
---
Assignment 4: RIP Route Verification
Step 1: Setup
3 Routers in a triangle topology, PCs on each LAN
Step 2: Configure RIP (same as Assignment 2 or 3)
Step 3: Verify Routes
`show ip route` → should show RIP entries (R)
`debug ip rip` → see RIP updates in real-time
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping PCs across routers → confirm connectivity
---
Assignment 5: RIP Troubleshooting
Step 1: Setup
2 Routers connected, PCs on each LAN
Intentionally misconfigure subnet or omit network command
Step 2: Troubleshoot
Use `ping` → failure
Use `show ip route` → missing RIP entries
Fix configuration → add missing `network` commands
Step 3: Test
Ping PCs → success after correction
---
Assignment 6: Simple OSPF Setup (Single Area)
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 LANs, 2 PCs, Switches
Step 2: Assign IPs
| Device | Interface | IP |
| --------- | ---------------- | -- |
| R1 Fa0/0 | 192.168.10.1 /24 | |
| R1 S0/0/0 | 10.0.0.1 /30 | |
| R2 Fa0/0 | 192.168.20.1 /24 | |
| R2 S0/0/0 | 10.0.0.2 /30 | |
Step 3: Configure OSPF
R1:
```bash
router ospf 1
network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
```
R2:
```bash
router ospf 1
network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
```
Step 4: Test
Ping PCs → success
`show ip route` → OSPF entries (O)
---
Assignment 7: OSPF with 3 Routers
Step 1: Setup
3 Routers in line, PCs on each LAN
Step 2: Assign IPs & Configure OSPF
Each router → `router ospf 1`
`network <LAN> <wildcard> area 0`
`network <Serial> <wildcard> area 0`
Step 3: Test
Ping across all LANs → success
Check routing tables → `show ip route`
---
Assignment 8: OSPF Wildcard Mask Practice
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, LAN + Serial links
Step 2: Assign IPs
LAN1: 192.168.30.0 /24
LAN2: 192.168.40.0 /24
Serial: 10.10.10.0 /30
Step 3: Configure OSPF with Wildcard Masks
R1:
```bash
router ospf 1
network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
```
R2:
```bash
router ospf 1
network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
```
Step 4: Test Connectivity
Ping PCs across routers → success
---
Assignment 9: OSPF with Loopback Interfaces
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Routers, 2 LANs, PCs, and configure loopback interfaces
Step 2: Configure IPs
Loopback0 R1 → 1.1.1.1 /32
Loopback0 R2 → 2.2.2.2 /32
Step 3: Configure OSPF
```bash
router ospf 1
network <LAN> <wildcard> area 0
network <Serial> <wildcard> area 0
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
```
Step 4: Test
Ping loopbacks from other router → success
`show ip route` → OSPF routes for loopbacks
---
ASS 7
---
Assignment 1: Create VLANs
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 3 PCs
Step 2: Create VLANs on Switch
```bash
Switch> enable
Switch configure terminal
Switch(config) vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan) name Sales
Switch(config-vlan) vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan) name HR
Switch(config-vlan) vlan 30
Switch(config-vlan) name IT
Switch(config-vlan) exit
```
Step 3: Verify VLANs
`show vlan brief` → should display VLAN 10, 20, 30
---
Assignment 2: Assign VLANs to Ports
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 3 PCs
Step 2: Assign VLANs to Switch Ports
```bash
Switch> enable
Switch configure terminal
interface fastEthernet0/1
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 10
interface fastEthernet0/2
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 20
interface fastEthernet0/3
switchport mode access
switchport access vlan 30
exit
```
Step 3: Verify Ports
`show vlan brief` → Ports FA0/1 → VLAN10, FA0/2 → VLAN20, FA0/3 → VLAN30
---
Assignment 3: Multiple VLANs
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 6 PCs
Step 2: Create VLANs
```bash
vlan 10
name Sales
vlan 20
name HR
vlan 30
name IT
vlan 40
name Finance
exit
```
Step 3: Assign VLANs to Ports
FA0/1 & FA0/2 → VLAN10
FA0/3 & FA0/4 → VLAN20
FA0/5 → VLAN30
FA0/6 → VLAN40
Step 4: Test
PCs in same VLAN → ping → success
PCs in different VLAN → ping → fail (without routing)
---
Assignment 4: VLAN Naming
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Switch, 4 PCs
Step 2: Create Named VLANs
```bash
vlan 10
name SalesDept
vlan 20
name HRDept
vlan 30
name ITDept
vlan 40
name FinanceDept
exit
```
Step 3: Assign Ports
FA0/1 & FA0/2 → VLAN10
FA0/3 → VLAN20
FA0/4 → VLAN30
Step 4: Verify VLAN Names
`show vlan brief` → should display custom names
---
Assignment 5: Trunk Link
Step 1: Add Devices
2 Switches, 6 PCs
Step 2: Create VLANs on Both Switches
VLAN10, VLAN20, VLAN30
Step 3: Assign Access VLANs to Ports
Switch1 FA0/1 → VLAN10, FA0/2 → VLAN20, FA0/3 → VLAN30
Switch2 FA0/1 → VLAN10, FA0/2 → VLAN20, FA0/3 → VLAN30
Step 4: Configure Trunk Port
```bash
Switch1(config) interface fa0/24
switchport mode trunk
Switch2(config) interface fa0/24
switchport mode trunk
```
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PCs in same VLAN across switches → ping → success
`show interfaces trunk` → verify trunk
---
Assignment 6: Inter-VLAN Routing (Router-on-a-Stick)
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Router, 1 Switch, 4 PCs
Step 2: Create VLANs on Switch
```bash
vlan 10
name Sales
vlan 20
name HR
```
Step 3: Assign Access VLANs to Ports
FA0/1 & FA0/2 → VLAN10
FA0/3 & FA0/4 → VLAN20
Step 4: Configure Router Subinterfaces for VLANs
```bash
Router> enable
Router configure terminal
interface g0/0.10
encapsulation dot1Q 10
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
interface g0/0.20
encapsulation dot1Q 20
ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
```
Step 5: Configure PCs
VLAN10 PCs → IP 192.168.10.x /24, Gateway 192.168.10.1
VLAN20 PCs → IP 192.168.20.x /24, Gateway 192.168.20.1
Step 6: Test Connectivity
Ping across VLANs → success (inter-VLAN routing working)
---
ASS 8
---
Assignment 1: Connect Wireless PC to Router
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 1 Wireless PC
Step 2: Configure Wireless Router
Click on Router → Wireless → SSID: `MyWiFi`
Channel: default, Security: None (for now)
Step 3: Configure Wireless PC
PC → Desktop → Wireless LAN → Connect to `MyWiFi`
Step 4: Assign IP
PC IP: 192.168.1.2
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1 (Router IP)
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Ping router → success
---
Assignment 2: DHCP over Wireless
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router (with DHCP enabled), 2 Wireless PCs
Step 2: Configure DHCP on Router
IP Pool: 192.168.1.100 – 192.168.1.200
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway: 192.168.1.1
Step 3: Connect Wireless PCs to Router
PC → Wireless → Select SSID `MyWiFi` → DHCP → Obtain IP
Step 4: Verify IPs
PCs should get IPs like 192.168.1.100, 192.168.1.101
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PC1 → ping PC2 → success
PC → ping router → success
Assignment 3: Two Wireless Clients Communication
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 2 Wireless PCs
Step 2: Configure Wireless Router
SSID: `OfficeWiFi`, Security: None
Step 3: Connect Wireless PCs
PC1 & PC2 → connect to `OfficeWiFi`
Assign IP manually (or DHCP):
PC1: 192.168.2.2
PC2: 192.168.2.3
Gateway: 192.168.2.1
Step 4: Test Connectivity
PC1 → ping PC2 → should reply → wireless communication successful
Assignment 4: Wireless + Wired Network
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 1 Switch, 2 Wired PCs, 2 Wireless PCs
Step 2: Configure Router
LAN (wired) → DHCP enabled
Wireless → SSID: `HybridWiFi`, DHCP enabled
Step 3: Connect Devices
Wired PCs → Switch → Router LAN port
Wireless PCs → connect to `HybridWiFi`
Step 4: Assign IPs
Router LAN: 192.168.10.1 /24
Wired PCs → DHCP → IPs 192.168.10.x
Wireless PCs → DHCP → IPs 192.168.10.x
Step 5: Test Connectivity
Wired ↔ Wireless PCs ping → success
All devices ping router → success
Assignment 5: Wireless Security (WEP)
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 2 Wireless PCs
Step 2: Configure Wireless Router
SSID: `SecureWiFi`
Security → WEP
Key: `12345678` (ASCII 8-character key)
Step 3: Connect PCs
Wireless PCs → Desktop → Wireless → Connect → select SSID `SecureWiFi` → Enter Key `12345678`
Step 4: Assign IPs
Static or DHCP from router
Example: PC1 → 192.168.20.2, PC2 → 192.168.20.3, Gateway: 192.168.20.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PCs ping each other → success
Verify WEP security enabled
Assignment 6: Wireless Security (WPA2)
Step 1: Add Devices
1 Wireless Router, 2 Wireless PCs
Step 2: Configure Wireless Router
SSID: `WPA2WiFi`
Security → WPA2 Personal
Password: `StrongPass123`
Step 3: Connect PCs
Wireless PCs → Desktop → Wireless → Connect → Enter Password `StrongPass123`
Step 4: Assign IPs
Router DHCP → PCs obtain IP automatically
Example: PC1 → 192.168.30.2, PC2 → 192.168.30.3, Gateway: 192.168.30.1
Step 5: Test Connectivity
PC1 → ping PC2 → success
Verify WPA2 encryption → secure communication
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